Tulisan 2

Research Method dan Data Analysis Methods

REVIEW       :

ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS AS A BASIS FOR DETERMINING STRATEGY

OF COOPERATIVE UNITS IN AMBON CITY

OLEH :

Rumra Suryanti Ismail

Universitas Kristen Indonesia (UKI) Maluku

E-mail: yantiismail22@yahoo.com

Ot Pattimaipauw SK Street 15 RT/RW 005/02, Ambon 97115, Indonesia

Berisi :

Research  Method

The internal factors (organizational and institutional, business and the business, service, and participation of members) and external ones (networks) of the cooperatives

are analyzed and categorized according to the level of performance. Later on, based on

these performance levels, the researcher determined a new strategy that is suitable for

the development of cooperatives in the future. Ambon city was chosen as a research

location for the reason that every year, the increasing number of active to inactive cooperatives showed a decrease in quality of their performance.

The population covers the Village Unit Cooperatives (KUD) in Ambon. Based on

the data from the Office of Cooperative in Maluku Province, it is known there are 16

cooperatives in the city of Ambon, and these were used for the population. Yet, the sample

is selected by 8 cooperatives that have specific requirements. The sample was taken

by accident or purposive sampling. The sampling in this case is limited to the cooperatives

that meet certain criteria and considerations such as a) they have been incorporated

at least 1 year, b) they have conducted the Annual Members Meeting (RAT 2009), and c) they are still active in 2009.

The data were taken from direct respondents or the primary data for the research

samples and all were related to the secondary data.

a. Primary data were collected by interviews,

with a list of questions (questionnaire) to be

filled by the respondents, regarding questions

relating to the assessment of study

Table 3

Scoring and Weighting

variables on the performance of cooperatives

concerned.

b. Secondary data were obtained from various agencies in the form of reports or documents

originating from the Central Cooperative Village Unit Cooperatives and cooperatives.

The data were collected and measured using the Rating Scale. For analysis purposes,

the instruments referring to the response of each item was scored 1-4., ranging from very positive to very negative. For examples, excellent (score 4), good (score 3), fairly good (score 2), and poor (score 1). Furthermore, these variables were weighted according to the importance of each variable. The weight given to reflect the perception of the importance of one particular factor compared with other factors (Siagian, 2007). The weight is based the cooperatives’ response to these factors of importance as shown in Table 3.

The variables were measured and grouped according to the value that indicates

the level of performance. The performance assessment describes the level of the cooperatives’ success, from excellent to poor. Performance levels are grouped as shown in Table 4.

To test the validity, the researcher used a test of construct validity by using item

analysis, which calculates the correlation

between scores coefficient item and total score using a significance level of 5%. The

approach used to test the validity of the item (question) is the Product Moment correlation

equation. The reliability test used a formula coefficient alpha Cronbach. Reliability of an

instrument will be accepted if it has a minimum value of reliability coefficient 0.60

(Sigit, 2001) so it can be interpreted that the instrument can be used as a reliable data collection.

Data Analysis Methods

Data analysis was done in three stages, namely through descriptive analysis and

analysis of Cooperative Capacity (CCA) and the Primary Strategy Selection Matrix analysis

or Basic. Descriptive analysis was performed to determine the frequency distribution

of answers from the questionnaires filled by the respondents. The answers include

internal environmental variables (organizational and institutional, business and

the business, service, and participation of members) and external environmental variables

(networks). By having the frequency distribution of items or variables and the

average score of the item or variable, it can show the state of the item or variable under

study. The Cooperative Capacity Analysis (CCA) is a form of cooperative performance

analysis based on the ability of cooperatives that are influenced by internal and external

environment. The analysis was performed using a scoring technique. As for the stages

in the CCA analysis can be performed as follows:

1. Summing the item scores of the respondent's answer, divided by the number of items tested. This applies to each indicator.

2. Summing the scores of each indicator variable, divided by the number of indicators in the test.

3. Multiplying the total score of indicators by weighting variables that have been determined

to get a weighted score. This was done to determine the capability of each variable in the form of performance

4. The total weighted score was further divided by the total weight of the indicator.

These results can indicate the level of cooperative performance.

5. The cooperatives are grouped according to the predetermined level of performance.

Next is to create the Main Strategy Selection Matrix Analysis. The use of matrices

in this study is intended to put the performance of cooperatives in the areas or strategies

in accordance with internal and external conditions of the cooperatives. The main

strategy of selection matrix is a reliable technique in choosing a strategy of the parent

cooperative. This metric is to conduct internal or external pressure for growth or

profitability (Pearc, Robinson, 2007). The selection of strategies in the strategy of the

parent cooperatives will go through the steps as follows:

1. The cooperative performance levels that have been analyzed are placed in the field of

the matrix according to the strengths or weaknesses of internal and external factors

and the opportunities and threats that are faced by these cooperatives.

2. After the field of the matrix (Quadrant I, II, II and IV), then define the main strategies that can be done.

3. Implement the chosen strategy of the par ent appropriate cooperative premises in their

operational functions.

Nama / NPM   : Sarina Nurcahaya/ 28211249

Kelas / Tahun  : 2EB09 / 2010-2011